On The Acoustics of S�leymaniye Mosque:  From Past to Present

Z�hre S� G�l¹, Mehmet �al��kan², Ay�e Tavuk�uo�lu¹
¹Middle East Technical University, Department of Architecture, Ankara
²Middle East Technical University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ankara

S�leymaniye Mosque, the central structure of one of the largest mosque complexes of the Ottoman Empire, has been and remains an inspirational edifice for many fields, including architectural acoustics and material science. Comprehensive studies are needed to assess the acoustic conditions of S�leymaniye Mosque in relation to its architectural elements, interior finish materials, and any changes which have occurred in acoustic comfort levels as a result of large-scale repairs the structure has been subjected to in its life time. In-situ acoustic tests were undertaken in 2013, immediately following final restoration work done between 2007-2011. These recent data were then compared to previously-published in-situ measurement data showing acoustic conditions in the Mosque after 1969 and 1980 restorations. Acoustic simulations were performed to represent and discuss activity patterns in the structure when full to capacity. As a result of architectural form-geometry and interior material factors, the acoustic field of the Mosque exhibited the presence of very high reverberation times in all field tests, especially at low frequencies. The Mosque was found to suffer from high background noise levels emanating from the mechanical systems introduced during the 2007-2011 restoration. This study also highlights the necessity for further investigations of the acoustic characteristics of burnt-clay pots and historical lime-based plasters. Both should be investigated further in order to scientifically prove their contribution to the acoustics of the Mosque and help to restore the structure�s original acoustic comfort conditions.

Keywords: mosque acoustics, acoustical measurements, reverberation time, restoration

Ge�mi�ten g�n�m�ze S�leymaniye Camii akusti�i

Z�hre S� G�l¹, Mehmet �al��kan², Ay�e Tavuk�uo�lu¹
¹Orta Do�u Teknik �niversitesi, Mimarl�k B�l�m�, Ankara
²Orta Do�u Teknik �niversitesi, Makina B�l�m�, Ankara

Osmanl� tarihinin en b�y�k k�lliyesinin merkezinde yer alan S�leymaniye Camii�nin akusti�i bir�ok ara�t�r�c�n�n ilgi oda�� olmu� ve halen g�ncelli�ini koruyan �nemli bir ara�t�rma konusudur. Bu �al��mada S�leymaniye Camii�nin mimari ��eleri ve i� mekan bitirme malzemeleri ile zaman i�erisinde onar�mlarla ge�irdi�i de�i�ikliklerin mekan�n akusti�ine etkileri de�erlendirilmektedir. Son d�nem onar�mlar�n� (2007-2011) takiben 2013 senesinde sahada akustik testler y�r�t�lm��; elde edilen veriler 1969 ve 1980 onar�mlar�n�n etkilerini yans�tan akustik veriler ile k�yaslanm��t�r. Caminin tam kapasite kullan�m halindeki akustik ko�ullar�n�n uygunlu�u, akustik benzetim analizleri ile incelenmi�tir. T�m �l��mlerde konu�man�n anla��labilirli�ini bozacak d�zeyde �uzun ��nlama s�releri� tespit edilmi�; d��k frekanslarda bu s�relerin �ok daha y�ksek oldu�u g�r�lm��t�r. Caminin dolu hali bo� haline k�yasla nispeten daha d��k ��nlama s�relerine sahiptir. 2007-2011 onar�mlar� kapsam�nda yap�lm�� m�dahalelerin, �zellikle orta frekanslarda akustik ortama olumlu etkileri berlirlenmi� olsa da t�m frekanslarda de�erlerin halen kabul edilebilir seviyelerin �zerinde oldu�u g�zlenmektedir. Camide, konu�man�n anla��labilirli�ini bozan ikinci etkenin mekanik g�r�lt� kaynakl� �y�ksek arka plan ses d�zeyleri� oldu�u saptanm��t�r. Akustik veriler ve caminin �zg�n akustik ortam�na etki eden mimari ve malzeme �zellikleri bir arada de�erlendirildi�inde, yap�n�n �zg�n akustik niteliklerine kavu�abilmesi i�in yap�n�n �zg�n/tarihi s�valar� ile uyumlu onar�m malzemeleri ve uygulamalar� �zerine kapsaml� ara�t�rmalar�n �nemine dikkat �ekilmi�tir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: S�leymaniye Camii, cami akusti�i, akustik �l��mler, ��nlama s�resi, onar�m

Z�hre S� G�l, Mehmet �al��kan, Ay�e Tavuk�uo�lu. On The Acoustics of S�leymaniye Mosque: From Past to Present. Megaron. 2014; 9(3): 201-216

Corresponding Author: Z�hre S� G�l, T�rkiye

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