Designing Playgrounds for All

Cities, streets, buildings and playgrounds transform and evolve in time. These places are public spaces and should be available for every user, being a place suited for everybody, not excluding the disabled. Cities, being immediate surroundings, have a huge effect on the residents� lives. The effect of environment on differently abled children, who not only has to survive through challenges of their disability but also in the process of a continuous development, is even greater. Being disabled as a child shouldn�t mean to be excluded from the group of peers which have a great role in the physical and the psychological development of the child. This paper is describing several types of disabilities and the effect of environment on children with these disabilities. Problems of children with sight loss, reduced mobility, hearing problems and different intellectual abilities are described. It is indisputable, that these children need much attention. Being a part of the social group can help them in developing their communication and physical skills by playing or just spending time with others. In the paper, characteristic of a common playground which is a public space designed for children has been made. The equipment and the material of the �a playground for all� are described. Designing and material considerations are made and the ground, playground equipment, materials and colors and level differences are characterized. The aim of this paper is to lead a way for the designer to build a place for the children which will be fully accessible for every child.

Keywords: Accessible playground, disabled children; playground for all.

Herkes ��in �ocuk Parklar� Tasarlamak

Asl� Sungur Ergeno�lu, Patrycja Czaplinska
Y�ld�z Teknik �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi Mimarl�k B�l�m�, �stanbul

�ehirler, sokaklar, yap�lar ve parklar zaman i�inde de�i�ip geli�irler. Bu alanlar kamusal alanlar olmalar� sebebiyle, engelli bireyleri d��ar�da b�rakmadan, herkes i�in rahat�a kullan�labilir olmal�d�rlar. �ehirler, �ehir sakinlerinin yak�n �evresi konumunda olduklar�ndan, etkileri de inkar edilemez derecede b�y�k olmaktad�r. Bu etki, ayn� zamanda hayat�n� �e�itli k�s�tl�l�klarla s�rd�rmek zorunda ve hen�z yeti�kinli�e ad�m atmam��, geli�me �a��ndaki �ocuklarda daha da fazla g�r�lmektedir. Bir engele sahip olmak, �ocuk i�in, gerek fiziksel gerekse psikolojik geli�iminde b�y�k yere sahip olan arkada� �evresinden uzakla�mak anlam�na gelmemelidir. Makalede, �e�itli engel t�rleri, bu engellerin �evre arac�l��yla �ocuklar �zerindeki etkilerine odaklan�larak anlat�lmaktad�r. G�rme kayb�, hareket k�s�tl�l��, duyma sorunlar� ya�ayan ve farkl� bili�sel ve alg�sal yeterlilikteki �ocuklar�n sorunlar� tarif edilmektedir. Bu �ocuklar�n, daha fazla ilgi ve dikkate ihtiya� duyduklar� a��kt�r. Di�er bireylerle vakit ge�irerek veya oyun oynayarak bir sosyal grubun par�as� olmak ise; fiziksel ve ileti�im becerilerini geli�tirmelerine yard�mc� olabilmektedir. Makalede; kamusal bir alan olan �ocuk oyun parklar�n�n genel �zellikleri verilmekte, �herkes i�in tasarlanm�� ocuk parklar��n�n tasar�m, zemin, malzeme, renk �zellikleri ve donat� se�imleri detayl� olarak anlat�lmakta ve baz� �neriler sunulmaktad�r. Ama�, tasar�mc�n�n, her �ocuk ve yeti�kin i�in ula��labilir �ocuk oyun alanlar� tasar�m� s�recine katk�da bulunmakt�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ula��labilir �ocuk parklar�, engelli �ocuklar; herkes i�in �ocuk parklar�.

Asl� Sungur Ergeno�lu, Patrycja Czaplinska. Designing Playgrounds for All. Megaron. 2018; 13(3): 459-469

Corresponding Author: Asl� Sungur Ergeno�lu, T�rkiye

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