Autonomous vehicles impacts on quality of urban life: A review

�rem Merve Ulu¹, Hilmi Evren Erdin²
¹Department of City and Regional Planning, Dokuz Eylul University, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Izmir, Türkiye
²Department of City and Regional Planning, Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Architecture, Izmir, Türkiye

Developing technology and changing lifestyles also change the expectations of the citizens from the quality of urban life (QOUL). However, today, the automobile-oriented transportation system causes a decrease in the QOUL, especially in crowded cities, due to some reasons such as traffic congestion, high individual vehicle ownership, lack of parking lots, number of accidents, loss of time in traffic, and air and noise pollution. Transportation is one of the indicators that directly and indirectly affect the QOUL. Transportation, which is sensitive to technology, can also directly affect urban space and affect mobility and accessibility in the city. In this context, new technologies such as autonomous vehicles (AV) can lead to significant changes in urban space, human behavior, and QOUL. Once these vehicles are launched, they can affect our lives in many ways: transportation, environment, urbanization, social, economic, and legal. This makes AVs a part of the social debate. Although there are many studies in the literature examining how AVs will affect the fields of transportation, environment, economy, and law, there are very limited studies on how AVs will affect the QOUL. Based on a literature review of the relationship between AVs and QOUL, this study aims to predict how AVs will affect QOUL. According to the findings, it has been observed that AVs will positively affect the QOUL life when they are operated with car sharing/ride-sharing, using electricity, and when they are integrated with public transportation. However, AVs can lead to congested and polluted complex urban centers, suburbanization, extrainfrastructure investment, and cyber threats. According to the study findings, the effects of these vehicles on the QOUL vary depending on the policies applied, the social acceptability of the vehicles, the preparation of the infrastructure, and the market share. With the right policies, know-how, and appropriate infrastructure, AVs can be an opportunity to improve the causes that reduce the QOUL in today�s cities.

Keywords: Autonomous vehicles, quality of urban life; shared vehicles; urban planning.

S�r�c�s�z Ta��tlar�n Kentsel Ya�am Kalitesine Etkileri: Bir �nceleme

�rem Merve Ulu¹, Hilmi Evren Erdin²
¹Dokuz Eyl�l �niversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstit�s�, �ehir ve B�lge Planlama Ana Bilim Dal�, �zmir
²Dokuz Eyl�l �niversitesi, Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, �ehir ve B�lge Planlama B�l�m�, �zmir.

Geli�en teknoloji ve de�i�en ya�am bi�imleri kentlilerin kentsel ya�am kalitesinden (KYK) beklentisini de de�i�tirmektedir. Ancak g�n�m�zde otomobil odakl� ula��m sistemi �zellikle kalabal�k �ehirlerde trafik s�k��kl��, bireysel ara� sahipli�inin fazla olmas�, otopark yetersizli�i, kaza say�s�, trafikte zaman kayb�, hava ve g�r�lt� kirlili�i gibi sebeplerle KYK�nin d��mesine neden olmaktad�r. Ula��m KYK�yi do�rudan ve dolayl� olarak etkileyen g�stergelerden biridir. Teknolojiye duyarl� olan ula��m kentsel mekan� da do�rudan etkileyebilip, kentteki hareketlili�i ve eri�ilebilirli�i etkileyebilir. Bu ba�lamda s�r�c�s�z ta��tlar (ST) gibi yeni ula��m teknolojileri kentsel mekanda, insan davran��nda ve KYK�de �nemli de�i�imlere yol a�abilir. Bu ta��tlar piyasaya s�r�ld�kten sonra ya�am�m�z� ula��m, �evre, kentle�me, sosyal, ekonomik ve yasal olarak bir�ok y�nden etkileyebilir. Bu durum ST�leri toplumsal tart��man�n bir par�as� haline getirmektedir.
Ya�anabilir kentlerin in�as�nda gelece�in kestirimi ve uygun politikalar�n belirlenmesi olduk�a �nemlidir. Literat�rde ST�lerin ula��m, �evre, ekonomik, hukuk alanlar�nda nas�l etkileyece�ini inceleyen bir�ok �al��ma olmas�na ra�men ST�lerin KYK�yi nas�l etkileyece�i �zerine �ok k�s�tl� �al��malar bulunmaktad�r. ST�ler ile KYK ili�kisinin literat�r incelemesine dayanan bu �al��mada ST�lerin KYK�yi nas�l etkileyece�inin kestirilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara g�re ST�lerin ara� payla��m�/ yolculuk payla��m� yap�ld��nda, elektrikle �al��t�r�ld��nda ve toplu ta��ma ile entegre edildi�inde KYK�yi olumlu etkileyece�i g�zlenmi�tir. Ancak ST�ler t�kan�kl�k ve kirlilik ya�anan komplex kent merkezlerine, banliy�le�meye, daha fazla altyap� yat�r�m� gereksinimine ve siber tehlikelere yol a�abilir. �al��ma bulgular�na g�re bu ta��tlar�n KYK �zerindeki etkileri uygulanan politikalara, ara�lar�n sosyal kabul edilirli�ine, altyap�n�n haz�rl��na ve pazar pay�na ba�l� olarak de�i�mektedir. Do�ru politikalar, bilgi birikimi ve uygun altyap� ile s�r�c�s�z karayolu ta��tlar� bug�nk� kentlerin KYK�yi azaltan sebepleri iyile�tirmek i�in bir f�rsat olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: S�r�c�s�z ta��tlar, otonom ara�lar, payla��ml� ta��tlar, kentsel ya�am kalitesi, kent planlama

�rem Merve Ulu, Hilmi Evren Erdin. Autonomous vehicles impacts on quality of urban life: A review. Megaron. 2023; 18(2): 202-217

Corresponding Author: �rem Merve Ulu, T�rkiye

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