An Evaluation of the K���k�ekmece Ottoman Match Factory as Industrial Heritage

Industrial heritage was included as a new genre when the definition of heritage was expanded in the second half of the 20th century. The concept of industrial heritage is used to interpret the material culture and activities of a society as reflections of industrial development and human spirit. It includes a wide range of sites from all points in history. The K��k�ekmece Ottoman match factory is an industrial heritage site that exemplifies Ottoman participation in international industrial progress. It was founded by a French company in the second half of the 19th century, received its production license in 1893, and started to manufacture matches in 1897. The original function of the factory, however, was short-lived, lasting only until near the end of the century. Today, the building it is divided into sections with different uses. This article is an evaluation of an industrial heritage asset, Ottoman Match Factory and its significance in the cultural history of Turkey. Its location is particularly important, as part of an industrial area of the Ottoman period along the Marmara Coast, parallel to the Rumeli railway. This area is defined as an industrial-cultural axis in the cultural history of Turkey. Factory�s connection to its past determines its heritage values. This study analyzes its original use and provides an evaluation of the potential for the re-use of the building as a whole. In addition, it is a discussion of the importance of the cultural context of industrial heritage sites, using K��k�ekmece match factory to highlight the need for a holistic approach to preservation.

Keywords: Industrial heritage, matchmaking; K��k�ekmece; K��k�ekmece Ottoman Match Factory; Menek�e Match Factory.

K��k�ekmece Osmanl� Kibritleri Fabrikas��n�n End�striyel Miras Kapsam�nda De�erlendirilmesi

Adile Binnur K�ra�, Burcu Selcen Co�kun, Di�dem Erdo�an
Mimar Sinan G�zel Sanatlar �niversitesi Mimarl�k B�l�m� Restorasyon Anabilim Dal�, �stanbul

�nceleme konusu olan �Osmanl� Kibritler Fabrikas� da Osmanl� toplumunun, d�nyadaki end�strile�me s�recine eklemlenme �abalar�n�n bir temsilcisi olarak g�r�lm�� ve end�striyel miras boyutuyla ele al�nm��t�r. Osmanl� �mparatorlu�u�nda 19. y�zy�l�n ikinci yar�s�nda yabanc� sermayederler taraf�ndan kurulan giri�imlere �rnek te�kil eden bu fabrika, Kav ve Kibrit Osmanl� �irketi�ni kuran Frans�zlar taraf�ndan ger�ekle�tirilmi�tir. �e�itli kaynaklarda farkl� bilgiler bulunmakla birlikte; 1893 y�l�nda in�aat ruhsat� al�nan fabrika 1897 y�l�nda kurulmu� ve �al��maya ba�lam��t�r. K�sa s�re �al��an fabrika y�zy�l sonunda �zg�n i�levini kaybetmi�tir. Bu makale ile g�n�m�ze b�y�k �l��de mimari b�t�nl��n� koruyarak ula�m�� yap�n�n �ncelikle k�lt�r tarihimizdeki yeri ve �nemini belirlemek suretiyle end�striyel miras olarak tan�t�lmas� ama�lanm��t�r. �zellikle konumu itibariyle, Marmara sahilinde Yedikule�K��k�ekmece aras�nda Rumeli demiryolu hatt� paralelinde olu�turulan Osmanl� d�nemi sanayi aks�n�n bir par�as� olmas� �zerinde �nemle durulmu�; bu aks�n �end�striyel k�lt�r aks� olarak� tan�mlanmas�, yap�n�n k�lt�r tarihimizdeki ba�lamsal b�t�nl�� ortaya konmas� a��s�ndan �nemli g�r�lm��t�r. G�n�m�zde fakl� i�levlere hizmet eden b�y�k �l��de de at�l durumdaki fabrika yap�s�n�n �zg�n i�levi ile kuraca�� anlamsal ba��n miras�n korunmas� ve aktar�m�ndaki rol� �nemsemi�tir. Yap�n�n i�lev analizi yap�lmak suretiyle �zg�n mekan kurgusu plan baz�nda irdelenmi�tir. �al��mada, bu yap� �zelinde end�stri miras�m�z�n k�lt�rel ba�lam�n�n kurulmas�n�n, b�t�nc�l bir yakla��mla ele al�nmas�n�n �nemi vurgulanmaya �al��lm��t�r. �End�stri Miras��, 20. y�zy�l�n ikinci yar�s�nda miras kavram�ndaki geni�leme ile birlikte tan�mlanan yeni bir mirast�r. End�stri toplumunun dehas�n�n, duygusall��n�n, h�rs�n�n fizik d�nyada olu�turdu�u maddesel k�lt�r ve toplumun aktif bir eylemi olarak yorumlanan �end�stri miras�� kavram� ayn� zamanda end�stri �ncesi �retim faaliyetlerini de i�erecek bi�imde olduk�a geni� bir kapsamda ele al�nmaktad�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: End�stri miras�, kibrit �retimi; K��k�ekmece; K��k�ekmece Osmanl� Kibritleri Fabrikas�; Menek�e Kibrit Fabrikas�; sanayi miras�.

Adile Binnur K�ra�, Burcu Selcen Co�kun, Di�dem Erdo�an. An Evaluation of the K��k�ekmece Ottoman Match Factory as Industrial Heritage. Megaron. 2018; 13(1): 67-84

Corresponding Author: Adile Binnur K�ra�, T�rkiye

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