Re-evaluation of Rural Development Problematic in the Context of Social Capital

The matter of �rural development� has been an important issue for approximately 20 years. International organizations like the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Union, as well as many developed and developing countries are devoting increasing time and resources to the rural development issue. Studies in economics, politics and geography, on the other hand, lay out the theoretical framework in this matter. Rural poverty, migration to urban areas, pollution of water and agricultural land, problems of agricultural production, and introducing global solutions to these problems have become primary issues on the agendas of many countries. The aim of the paper is to discuss the rural development policies with built-in global solutions in a new perspective, in the context of local social structure and relations. Accordingly, the paper addresses the change in the rural development paradigm and the role of social capital in rural development.

Keywords: Rural development; social capital; social networks.

Sosyal Sermaye Perspektifinden K�rsal Kalk�nma Sorunsal�na Yeniden Bak��

Tuba �nal �EK��¹, Ay�e Nur �KTEN¹
Y�ld�z Teknik �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, �ehir ve B�lge Planlama B�l�m�, B�lge Planlama Anabilim Dal�

�K�rsal kalk�nma� konusu son yirmi y�ld�r g�ndemde �nemli bir yer tutmaktad�r. Birle�mi� Milletler, D�nya Bankas�, Avrupa Birli�i gibi uluslaras� kurulu�lar�n yan�s�ra pek �ok geli�mi� ve geli�mekte olan �lke y�netimi k�rsal kalk�nma olgusuna daha fazla kaynak ve zaman ay�rmak durumunda kal�rken, iktisat, politika ve co�rafya literat�r� de teorik tart��malar�n temelini olu�turmu�tur. Bu s�re�te k�rsal yoksulluk, dengesiz geli�meye ba�l� olarak kente g�� hareketleri, toprak ve su kirlenmeleri, tar�msal girdi ve �retim sorunlar�, bir�ok toplumun �ncelikli problemlerinin aras�nda yer al�rken; k�resel ��z�m aray��lar� da g�ndeme gelmi�tir. T�rkiye�nin de g�ndeminde �nemli yer tutan k�rsal kalk�nma sorunsal� bu makalede farkl� bir perspektifte ele al�nmaktad�r. S�z konusu k�resel ��z�mlerin ortaya koydu�u k�rsal kalk�nma politikalar�n�, k�rsal alanlar�n �zg�n sosyal yap�s� ile ili�kileri ba�lam�nda de�erlendirmek makalenin amac�n� olu�turmaktad�r. Buna g�re, makale kapsam�nda k�rsal kalk�nma alan�nda ya�anan paradigma de�i�imi a��klanarak, sosyal sermayenin k�rsal kalk�nma a��s�ndan rol�ne de�inilmi�tir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: K�rsal kalk�nma; sosyal sermaye; sosyal a�lar.

Tuba �nal �EK��, Ay�e Nur �KTEN. Re-evaluation of Rural Development Problematic in the Context of Social Capital. Megaron. 2009; 4(3): 203-213

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