Spatial solution with shape grammar: Sample area �OM� Terzio�lu Campus

The architectural language is considered an auxiliary subject in this study in the axis of the concept of language. The basic subject of the study is the concept of shape grammar. Analysis studies aimed at separating the language into its elements and examining the relationship between these elements can also be done in architectural language. This situation reveals the similarity between language and architectural language. However, while creating products in the language time dimension, architectural language is based on space dimension. Communication between spaces and users is provided by the architectural language. The shape is considered a communication language within the architectural discipline. In architectural language, grammatical rules are applied or read through shapes.
Shape grammars, one of the rule-based design methods, are used to create an algorithmic design language, analyse it or perform both actions. Shape grammars offer the opportunity to work at different scales on which design is the basis.
According to the literature research, the examples in which the grammar of shape is used have generally developed in the axis of architectural identity in an urban scale. In this study, shape grammar has been used in open spaces on the university campus, which has an important value among urban actors. The analysis of the open spaces on the campus with the form grammar creates a different scale in which this technique is used and reveals the originality of the study. In this direction, the Terzioglu Campus of �anakkale Onsekiz Mart University has been chosen as the main material in the study, a large-scale city element that stands out with the educational function of the city of �anakkale.
There are education and administrative units, social areas and student dormitories on the campus. In the campus, open space places consisting of the structure and its immediate surroundings, transportation axis, walking, sitting, resting, cruising and being alone, multi participant activity area are considered as campus components. Within the scope of the purpose of the study, shape grammar constitutes the basic method for analysing the location of the campus components and their relationship with each other. In this study, in which the concept of shape grammar is the basic method; in the analysis of open places, the approach of analysing an existing architectural language with shape grammar is taken as a basis. These regions, which add attribution to the campus texture, formed the determinant data in the shape grammar analysis. Based on the data, an abstraction study has been made.
In the abstraction phase made on the campus plan, it was observed that polygonal areas emerged as a result of the intersection of gradual transportation axes. These areas, which form the first shape, were defined as �regions� within the scope of the study.
Regions are represented by four components: the transport axis (U), the academic structure (A), the social area (S) and the green area (Y). Regions (A, B, C, D, E, F) are divided into sub-regions according to social spaces that are most preferred by the campus users, where social needs are met, and those offer opportunities for activities such as ceremonies, events, cruising, resting, chatting, being alone. Accordingly, an abstraction was made within the scope of three sub-regions for zone A and two sub-regions in the D region. In the B, C, E, F regions, since the social space for students is not sufficient and they use the front pockets of the canteens/cafes in the academic structure in this direction, no sub-region was created. The geometric analysis of the sub-regions has been made on the structuring grid and the initial shape was reached with the decomposition of the green areas, social areas, and transportation components, respectively, so as to provide access from the whole to the part.
As a result of the analysis with the form grammar, it has been seen that the academic/administrative building is the pioneer in the development of open spaces, the primary and secondary transportation axis surrounds this structure, and the social and green space components are articulated to the building and transportation components in the resulting open spaces.
With the shape grammar that emerged as a result of the study, it is possible to predict possible typologies for a new open-space design. It is expected that the shape grammar rule sets will be beneficial in the design process in the design studies to be carried out for the open space places of the campus, which has high working, development and change dynamics.

Keywords: Open places, shape grammar; architectural language; design techniques; Terzio�lu Campus

Bi�im grameri ile mek�nsal ��zümleme: �rnek alan �OM� Terzio�lu Yerle�kesi

Elif Sa�l�k
�anakkale Onsekiz Mart �niversitesi Mimarl�k ve Tasar�m Fakültesi, Peyzaj Mimarl�� B�lümü, �anakkale, Türkiye

Mek�nlar ve kullan�c�lar� aras�ndaki ileti�imi sa�layan unsur mimari dildir. Mimari dil bi�im, form, renk gibi de�erlerle tan�mlanan yapay bir dil �e�ididir. Bu yapay dile ait gramer kurallar� ise kural tabanl� tasar�m y�ntemini ortaya ��karm��t�r. Kural tabanl� tasar�m y�ntemlerinden biri olan bi�im gramerleri algoritmik bir tasar�m dilini olu�turmak, ��zümlemek ya da her iki eylemi ger�ekle�tirmek amac�yla kullan�lmaktad�r. Bi�im gramerleri tasar�m�n temel olu�turdu�u farkl� �l�eklerde �al��ma imk�n� sunmaktad�r. Bu �al��mada ise bi�im gramerleri, kentsel akt�rlerden biri olan üniversitenin yerle�ke a��k alan mek�nlar�nda analiz süreci geli�tirerek mek�nsal ��zümleme yapmak amac�yla kullan�lm��t�r. Bi�im grameri ekseninde literatür taramas� yap�lm��, bi�im grameri kavram�n�n geleneksel ya da �zel mimari dokunun tasar�m yap�s�n� incelemek i�in kullan�ld�� g�zlenmi�tir. �al��ma, bi�im grameri tekni�inin kullan�ld�� l�ek ile geleneksel ya da �zel mimari yap� olma bak�m�ndan ayr��makta ve �zgünlük kazanmaktad�r. �niversite yerle�kesi �l�e�inde; a��k alan mek�nlar�n�n ��zümlenmesinde bi�im grameri ile mevcut bir mimari dili analiz etme yakla��m� esas al�nm��t�r. ��zümleme a�amas�nda yo�un olarak kullan�lan mek�nlar�n olu�turdu�u odak �er�evesinde; akademik ya da idari yap�, ula��m aks�, sosyal alan ve ye�il alan olmak üzere d�rt bile�en kapsam�nda soyutlanm��t�r. Mek�nsal odaklar fonksiyon �e�itlili�ine g�re alt b�lgelere ayr�lm��, yap�la�ma gridi üzerinde akademik yap� (A), ula��m aks� (U), sosyal alan (S) ve ye�il alan (Y) bile�enleri i�in renk atamas� yap�lm��, bi�imsel �ablon belirlenerek tasar�m dili tarif edilmi�tir. Ortaya ��kan tasar�m dilinin gramer yap�s�na ula�mak i�in bile�enler grid üzerinde ye�il ve sosyal alan, ula��m aks� s�ras�yla ayr��t�r�larak ba�lang�� bi�imine ula��lm��t�r. Bu ba�lamda ba�lang�� eklini belirlemek i�in izlenen ad�mlar ile o alana ait gramer yap�s�na ya da kural setine ula��lm��t�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: A��k mek�nlar, bi�im grameri; mimari dil; tasar�m teknikleri; Terzio�lu Yerle�kesi

Elif Sa�l�k. Spatial solution with shape grammar: Sample area �OM� Terzio�lu Campus. Megaron. 2022; 17(3): 560-574

Corresponding Author: Elif Sa�l�k, T�rkiye

TOOLS

Full Text PDF

Download citation

RIS

EndNote

BibTex

Medlars

Procite

Reference Manager

Share with email

Send email to author

Similar articles

PubMed

Google Scholar