One place two stories: The reproduction of the �authentic� in Beyo�lu

Authenticity, real or not, existing or not, constitutes an important element of strength for the urban environment. The perceived authentic identity of the place is transformed into economies of experience associated with consumer culture. Sometimes this can be in the form of transforming and protecting a historical building or neighborhood, sometimes supporting the development of cafes and shops, branding cultural identity, and sometimes presenting the place with new media channels. This problem plane, which constitutes the beginning of the study, aims to reveal the impact assessment process of an environment that is stuck between the existing place authenticity and the elements that are newly attributed to the place and that shape the authenticity in perceptions.
Authenticity was first revealed in heritage conservation studies and was included in social science studies over time. Today, the concept is introduced into a new production and consumption process within the scope of urban area activities. While the authentic is sometimes defined as the memory that needs to be preserved with deeply emotional expressions, it is sometimes associated with a vulnerable imposition for consumption. In this cycle, the existing authenticity of the place cannot be revealed, and a new perceptual authenticity production is started. This study dealt with the spatial memory of Beyo�lu and aimed to reveal the perceived and existing level of authenticity.
The method step of the study was carried out in two stages as collecting data related to the problem and analyzing the data. Data were collected by snowball sampling method and document analysis technique. In the analysis step of the data, deductive content analysis was taken as reference. Category matrices were extracted, contexts and codes were revealed. The category matrix step, through Bennett's (2018) titles of screen, literary text, culture-art and project productions; context step, through Somers' (1994) public, ontological and meta narrative titles; the code step was created by the author through the concepts explained in theory and revealing the problem of the study. Codes; Goffman's (1959) onstage/backstage self discourse, MacCannell's (1976) false pattern discourse, Trancik's (1986) lost space discourse, Auge's (1995) non-places discourse, Boym's (2001) ) nostalgia discourse has been deepened by making use of Zukin's (2010) narratives such as cultural identity branding discourse. While the process carried out through document analysis and snowball sampling enables accurate determination of what, why, why, how and where to search and a reliable evaluation, categorizing the sources and coding their contents will reveal the changes and duality seen in the "existing and perceived authenticity" perspective.
While losing the monumentality of Beyo�lu's memory spaces that go beyond being a residence, the opera and dances introduced by the west, its stories, patisseries and people, an image object is produced over the nonexistent. The universal elite growth rhetoric, based on the economic power of the capital and the state, and the cultural power of the media and consumer tastes, has also surrounded Beyo�lu. This situation is expressed by Guy Debord as contemporary capitalist modes of production produce a huge spectacle for societies.
It has been an important finding for Beyo�lu that the perceptual authenticity discourses, which symbolize the return to the past, also construct a new place memory culture and are shaped around the consumption potential. In summary, this study is important for an exploration to be made in a cultural space saturated with the spirit of self and place, to see where the cognitive dimension takes the subject in narratives and to embody what the space has lost in the social dimension with visual images. It can be said that the right solution can be found if the root experiences about Beyo�lu can be revealed.
Encountering the types of signs and narratives that will reveal these two meanings in Beyo�lu is also an expression of the fact that the work is in the right qualitative production process. Based on the analyzes of the discourses and visual data collected throughout the study, the question of whether it is possible to prevent the falseness produced by this shift and updated experience environment of Beyo�lu becomes very important. The study raises awareness by raising this question and provides this through a method trial.

Keywords: Beyoglu, existential authenticity; non-lieu; place crisis; perceived authenticity.

Bir yer i̇ki hik�ye: Beyo�lu�nda �otantik� olan�n yeniden üretimi üzerine

B��ra Yal��n
F�rat �niversitesi Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksek Okulu, Mimari Restorasyon Program�, Elaz��, Türkiye

�lk kez miras koruma �al��malar�nda ortaya at�lan otantiklik kavram� zaman i�inde toplum bilim �al��malar�na d�hil olmu�tur. Bu-g�n ise kavram, kentsel alan faaliyetleri kapsam�nda yeni bir �retim ve t�ketim s�recine sokulmaktad�r. Otantik olan, bazen derin duygu y�kl� ifadelerle korunmas� gereken bellek olarak tan�mlan�rken bazen de t�ketim manzaras� i�in savunmas�z bir deneyim dayatmas�yla ili�kilendirilmektedir. Bu �ift y�nl� d�ng� i�inde yerin sahip oldu�u var olan otantiklik ortaya ��kar�lamamakta, yeni bir alg�sal otantiklik �retimi ba�lat�lmaktad�r. Bahsedilen otantiklik ikili�ini temele oturtan bu �al��ma, Beyo�lu�nun mek�nsal haf�-zas�n� ele alm��, alg�lanan ve var olan otantiklik d�zeyini ortaya koymay� ama�lam��t�r. Tarihsel analiz yoluyla s�rd�r�len bu �al��-ma, kaybedilme endi�esi duyulan izlerin belirginle�tirilmesi noktas�na da katk� sunmay� hedeflemi�tir. �al��man�n y�ntem ad�m�, probleme ili�kin verilerin toplanmas� ve verilerin ��z�mlenmesi �eklinde iki a�amal� olarak y�r�t�lm��t�r. Veri toplama basama��nda, kartopu �rneklem y�ntemiyle geni�letilen dok�man inceleme tekni�i kullan�lm��t�r. Verilerin ��z�mlenme basama��nda ise t�mdengelim i�erik analizi referans al�nm��t�r. Bu noktada, kategori matrisleri ��kar�lm��, ba�lamlar ve kodlar ortaya koyulmu�tur. Kategori matris d�zlemi, Bennett�in (2018) ekran, yaz�nsal metin, k�lt�r sanat ve proje �retimleri ba�l�klar� arac�l��yla; ba�lam d�zlemi, Somers�in (1994) kamusal, ontolojik ve meta anlat� ba�l�klar� arac�l��yla; kod d�zlemi ise teoride anlat�m� yap�lan ve �al��-man�n problemini ortaya koyan kavramlar arac�l��yla yazar taraf�ndan olu�turulmu�tur. Sonu� olarak, Beyo�lu i�in ge�mi�e do�ru d�n�� sembolize eden alg�sal otantiklik s�ylemlerinin ayn� zamanda yeni bir yer belle�i k�lt�r� kurgulad�� ve t�ketim potansiyeli �evresinde �ekillendi�i �nemli bir bulgu olmu�tur. Bu durum haf�za ve kaybedilme endi�esi duyulan ger�eklik aray��nda hassas bir �yk�nmenin oldu�unu ortaya koymaktad�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Alg�lanan otantiklik, Beyo�lu; yer krizi; yok yerler; var olan otantiklik.

B��ra Yal��n. One place two stories: The reproduction of the �authentic� in Beyo�lu. Megaron. 2023; 18(2): 231-245

Corresponding Author: B��ra Yal��n, T�rkiye

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