Gated Communities in the Socio-spatial Segregation Process: The Istanbul Case

Evrim �zkan T�RE¹, Senem Kozaman SOM²
¹Istanbul Metropolitan Planning and Urban Design Center Group, Istanbul
²Department of City and Regional Planning, Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul, Turkey

Gated communities are a forerunner in the new form of urbanization emerging in Istanbul. Among the main factors affecting this urbanization process are the new elites, new lifestyles and the demand for physically-secured housing settlements. Triggered by these factors, gated communities have become the impulsive force of social and spatial segregation. This segregation and its dimensions, which compose the research question of this paper, are analyzed and discussed herein with the help of spatial mapping and interviews. First, the locations of the existing private housing projects in Istanbul are mapped and the location criteria for these projects are determined. Second, some factors affecting the segregation, i.e. the residents� reasons for preferring to live in a gated community, their usage habits of the facilities within the community and their daily commute to the city, are evaluated via interviews. Finally, the main findings are discussed.

Keywords: Istanbul; gated communities; segregation; location; demand criteria.

Sosyo-Mek�nsal Ayr��mada Korunakl� Konut Yerle�meleri: �stanbul �rne�i

Evrim �zkan T�RE¹, Senem Kozaman SOM²
¹�stanbul Metropoliten Planlama ve Kentsel Tasar�m Merkezi (�MP), �stanbul
²Y�ld�z Teknik �niversitesi Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, �ehir ve B�lge Planlama B�l�m�, Be�ikta�, �stanbul

�stanbul, korunakl� yerle�melerin �nc� oldu�u yeni bir kentle�me bi�imini deneyimlemektedir. Bu yeni deneyimin ortaya ��k��nda etkili olan unsurlar aras�nda; yeni elit tabakan�n do�u�u, k�reselle�me dalgas� ile ortaya ��kan yeni ya�am bi�imleri ve deprem-dayan�kl� konut yerle�melerine olan talebi saymak m�mk�nd�r. S�z� edilen etkenlerin tetikledi�i korunakl� yerle�meler, mek�nsal ve sosyal ayr��man�n itici unsurlar� haline gelmi�tir. Sosyo-mekansal ayr��man�n varl�� ve boyutlar�, iki koldan y�r�t�len bu �al��man�n ara�t�rma sorusunu olu�turmakta, mekansal haritalama ve ki�isel g�r��meler yard�m�yla tart��lmaktad�r. �al��mada ilk olarak, korunakl� konut yerle�melerinin �stanbul�da nerede ve nas�l bir da��l�m g�sterdi�i incelenmi�tir. Bu k�s�mda, mevcut �zel konut projelerinin yer se�imleri harita �zerine yans�t�lm�� ve yer se�im kriterlerine ili�kin saptamalar yap�lm��t�r. �kinci olarak, yerle�me sakinleriyle m�lakatlar ger�ekle�tirilmi�, korunakl� konut yerle�melerinin hangi kriterler do�rultusunda tercih edildi�i, sakinlerin yerle�me i�erisindeki mek�nsal kullan�m al��kanl�klar� ve kentle olan sosyo-mek�nsal ili�kileri incelenmi�tir. �al��mada edinilen temel bulgular sonu� k�sm�nda tart��larak aktar�lm��t�r.

Anahtar Kelimeler: �stanbul; korunakl� konut yerle�meleri; ayr��ma; yer se�imi; tercih kriterleri.

Evrim �zkan T�RE, Senem Kozaman SOM. Gated Communities in the Socio-spatial Segregation Process: The Istanbul Case. Megaron. 2009; 4(3): 121-130

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