Public Open Space Design and Plant Design for Liveable Winter Cities

Ok�an Tando�an¹, Elif Ebru �i�man²
¹Department of Architecture, Nam�k Kemal University Faculty of Fine Arts, Design And Architecture, Tekirda�, Turkey
²Department Of Landscape Architecture, Nam�k Kemal University Faculty of Fine Arts, Design And Architecture, Tekirda�, Turkey

Among the most important indicators of livable urban spaces are the presence of public open spaces and access to these spaces. However, in winter cities where winter dominates, inadequate weather conditions such as wind, frost, ice, snow, declining sunshine and long-term cold restrict the use and access of public open spaces. In particular, public open urban spaces that are not designed for winter season conditions lose accessibility, which reduces the quality of life and the livability of the city. The aim of this study is to investigate what can be achieved at the design scale for the more livable urban space in the winter cities where the use of public open spaces is largely restricted, especially as a result of adverse weather conditions in winter. In the first phase of the study, from the definitions made for the winter cities, maps of the world climate classification that K�ppen had done were examined and the winter cities in Turkey are designated as Erzurum, Kars, Ardahan, A�r� and Mu�. In the second phase of the work, public spaces in the cities are classified as streets, pedestrian paths, squares and parks. Then, the studies and practices related to the winter cities in the world were examined and design criteria for making the public spaces in the winter cities more livable for the urban people were proposed. In the third phase of the study, suggestions were made for the plant material that can be used in the public space design for the cities which are evaluated as the winter city in Turkey.

Keywords: Open space, vegetable design; public space; winter city.

Ya�anabilir K�� Kentleri ��in Kamusal A��k Mekan Tasar�m� ve Bitkisel Tasar�m

Ok�an Tando�an¹, Elif Ebru �i�man²
¹Nam�k Kemal �niversitesi, G�zel Sanatlar, Tasar�m ve Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Mimarl�k B�l�m�, Tekirda�
²Nam�k Kemal �niversitesi, G�zel Sanatlar, Tasar�m Ve Mimarl�k Fak�ltesi, Peyzaj Mimarl�� B�l�m�, Tekirda�

Ya�anabilir kentsel mekanlar�n en �nemli g�stergeleri aras�nda kamusal a��k mekanlar�n varl�� ve bu mekanlara eri�im gelmektedir. Ancak k�� mevsiminin bask�n oldu�u k�� kentlerinde r�zg�r, don, buz, kar, azalan g�n �� ve uzun s�reli so�uk gibi uygun olmayan hava ko�ullar�, kentsel mekanda kamusal a��k mekanlar�n kullan�m�n� ve eri�imini k�s�tlamaktad�r. �zellikle k�� mevsimi ko�ullar�na uygun tasarlanmayan kamusal a��k kent mek�nlar eri�ilebilirli�ini kaybetmekte bu durum ise kentlilerin ya�am kalitesini ve kentin ya�anabilirli�ini d��rmektedir. Bu �al��man�n amac� �zellikle k�� mevsiminde olumsuz hava ko�ullar�n�n yaratt�� etkiler sonucunda kamusal a��k mekanlar�n kullan�m�n�n b�y�k �l��de k�s�tland�� k�� kentlerinde daha ya�anabilir kentsel mekan i�in tasar�m �l�e�inde ger�ekle�tirilebilecek unsurlar�n ara�t�r�lmas�d�r. �al��man�n ilk a�amas�nda k�� kentleri i�in yap�lan tan�mlamalardan yola ��k�larak, K�ppen�in yapm�� oldu�u d�nya iklim s�n�fland�rmas� haritalar� incelenmi� ve T�rkiye�deki k�� kentleri Erzurum, Kars, Ardahan, A�r� ve Mu� olarak belirlenmi�tir. �al��man�n ikinci a�amas�nda kentlerdeki kamusal alanlar, sokaklar, yaya yollar�, meydanlar ve parklar olarak s�n�fland�r�lm�� ve d�nyada k�� kentleri ile ilgili yap�lan �al��ma ve uygulamalar�n incelenmesi ile k�� kentlerindeki kamusal alanlar�n kentli i�in daha ya�an�l�r k�l�nmas�na y�nelik tasar�m kriterleri �nerilmi�tir. �al��man�n ��nc� a�amas�nda T�rkiye�de k�� kenti olarak de�erlendirilen kentlere y�nelik kamusal mekan tasar�mda kullan�labilecek bitki materyaline y�nelik �neriler getirilmi�tir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: A��k alan, bitkisel tasar�m; kamusal mekan; k�� kenti.

Ok�an Tando�an, Elif Ebru �i�man. Public Open Space Design and Plant Design for Liveable Winter Cities. Megaron. 2018; 13(2): 334-346

Corresponding Author: Ok�an Tando�an, T�rkiye

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